E minor ninth

Em9

Also written Emin9 · E−9

NotesE · G · B · D · F♯
Formula1 · ♭3 · 5 · ♭7 · 9
E1G♭3B5D♭7F♯9
All its notes, from the root

The minor 9th: ii of D major, or the tonic of dorian. Without its root it is Gmaj7 — a major 7th built on the minor 3rd.

How pianists voice Em9

Nobody plays a jazz chord in root position. These are the shapes that actually get played — the same ones Cadenza shows when you play the chord.

Shell Left hand

E1G♭3D♭7

1 · ♭3 · ♭7 — root, 3rd and 7th: the three notes that say what the chord is. Left hand, low; everything else is colour.

Rootless A From the 3rd

G♭3B5D♭7F♯9

♭3 · 5 · ♭7 · 9 — no root: the bass player has it. The left-hand voicing of modern jazz piano. Without E underneath, the same keys read as Gmaj7 — the bass turns them into Em9.

Rootless B From the 7th

D♭7G♭3B5F♯9

♭7 · 9 · ♭3 · 5 — the other half of the pair. A and B alternate through a ii–V–I so the hand barely moves.

Drop 2 Two hands

B5E1G♭3D♭7

5 · 1 · ♭3 · ♭7 — close position with the second voice from the top dropped an octave: wider, warmer, the standard for chord melody.

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